What is the advanced technique for controlling nosebleeds (epistaxis)?

The advanced technique for controlling nosebleeds, known as epistaxis, involves pinching the nose and leaning forward. This method is effective because leaning forward helps prevent blood from flowing down the back of the throat, which can lead to swallowing blood or even aspiration, both of which are undesirable and can complicate the situation. Pinching the nose helps compress the nostrils, reducing blood flow to the area and allowing the blood vessels to constrict and clot more effectively.

This technique is favored because it addresses the need for both positional management and direct pressure on the bleeding site, whereas tilting the head back could lead to swallowing blood and potentially causing nausea or choking. Applying ice to the nape of the neck or pressure to the temples may have some theoretical benefits in certain contexts, but they do not directly address the primary source of the bleeding as effectively as the method of pinching the nose and leaning forward does.