What are the initial signs and symptoms of infiltration?

Infiltration occurs when intravenous (IV) fluids or medications escape from the vein into the surrounding tissue. The initial signs and symptoms of infiltration primarily include swelling at or around the IV site. This swelling is due to the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space, which occurs when the IV is not properly located within the vein or becomes dislodged.

Recognizing swelling as a key symptom is critical for timely intervention, which helps prevent further complications that can arise from untreated infiltration. Addressing the issue promptly can limit discomfort for the patient and ensure proper administration of necessary treatments through viable access points.

The other options suggest symptoms that are generally associated with more severe complications or different conditions. For example, fever and chills typically indicate an infection rather than infiltration. Severe pain at the site can happen, but it’s not always present initially and may not be the first sign noticed. Skin color change can signal various vascular issues but is not the most immediate or defining symptom of infiltration itself. Understanding these distinctions is important for proper assessment and management in a clinical setting.